Biodiesel was synthesized with the ester exchange reaction from animal oil and methanol catalyzed by solid super base. The influence of the molar ratio of alcohol and oil, quantity of catalyst, reaction time and temperature was investigated. The experimental results show that the optimum condition is the mass fraction of catalyst in animal oil 2% , the reaction time 3 h, the reaction temperature 70 ℃ and the molar ratio of alcohol to oil 9∶1.

A series of alkylpyridine compounds were synthesized from aldehyde and ammonia water catalyzed by solid super acid heterogeneously under normal pressure in the fixed bed. Effects of the reaction temperature, feeding speed and molecular ratio of aldehyde to ammonia water on the product types and their yields were investigated. The results show that there are three products, 2-methylpyridine, 4-methylpyridine and 2-methyl -5-ethylpyridine. Under the following conditions: the feeding rate of 0.2 mL/min, reaction temperature of 300 ℃ and molecular ratio of aldehyde and ammonia water 3∶4, the yield of alkylpyridine compounds achieves the highest (60.16%), and the by-products are alkylbenzene compounds.